A Quick Guide to Becoming a U.S. Citizen
Becoming a U.S. citizen is a big step for anyone, so it is critical to move forward with clarity and confidence. Of course, even knowing where to take the first step can be quite confusing for those unaware of the process.
Learn the steps for becoming a U.S. citizen including how to apply, sample test questions and what is the naturalization process. Also, find information on dual citizenship, how to get proof of your U.S. citizenship if you were born abroad or replace your lost or stolen citizenship certificate.
There are two ways to become a United States (U.S.) citizen – by birth or through naturalization.
U.S. Citizenship through Naturalization
Becoming a citizen through naturalization is a process in which a non-U.S. citizen voluntarily becomes an American citizen. U.S. citizens:
To become a U.S. citizen, you must:
- Have had a Permanent Resident (Green) Card for at least five years, or for at least three years if you’re filing as the spouse of a U.S. citizen.
- At least 18 years old when you apply
- Able to read, write, and speak basic English
- Of good moral character
- Finally, the process requires understanding and accepting the principles of the U.S. Constitution, as well as saying the oath of allegiance.
I am Married to a U.S. Citizen
To be eligible for naturalization if you married to a U.S. Citizen, you must:
- Be at least 18 when you submit Form N-400, Application for Naturalization;
- Be a lawfully admitted permanent resident of the United States for at least three years immediately before the date you file Form N-400;
- Have been living in marital union with your U.S. citizen spouse during the three years immediately before the date you file your application and while we adjudicate your application;
- Have lived for at least three months in a state or USCIS district having jurisdiction over your place of residence;
- Have continuous residence in the United States as a lawful permanent resident for at least three years immediately before the date you file your application;
- Reside continuously within the United States from the date you filed your application until the date you naturalize;
- Be physically present in the United States for at least 18 months out of the three years immediately before the date you file your application;
- Be able to read, write and speak English and have knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of the history, and of the principles and form of government, of the United States (also known as civics); and
- Be a person of good moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well-disposed to the good order and happiness of the United States for at least three years immediately before the date you file Form N-400 and until you take the Oath of Allegiance.
Most common paths to U.S. Citizenship:
- I am the Child of a U.S. Citizen
- I am Married to a U.S. Citizen
- I am Serving in the U.S. Military
- I am a Lawful Permanent Resident of 5 Years
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